Discover how solar batteries reduce utility dependence, improve energy security, lower electricity costs, and help homeowners maximize solar power savings. 

Electricity rates continue to fluctuate, and power outages have become common in many regions. Homeowners are increasingly looking for ways to gain more control over their energy usage and costs. 

What Readers Will Learn 

• Which solar batteries Kokosing Solar recommends  

• Why they reduce reliance on utility companies 

• Financial and practical benefits of energy storage 

• Whether a solar battery is worth the investment 

Types of Solar Batteries: 

• Tesla Powerwall 

• Franklin  

• Enphase  

Tesla Powerwall  

The Tesla Powerwall is one of the most widely recognized home battery systems. Designed with a sleek, compact profile, it combines energy storage and intelligent energy management in a single solution. 

• A main Powerwall 3 “leader” unit integrates a 13.5 kWh lithium-ion battery with an 11.5 kW AC inverter,  reducing costs for solar + storage when installing a solar at the time of battery installation 

• High energy capacity suitable for powering household loads 

• Strong integration with Tesla’s energy ecosystem 

• Automatic backup power during grid outages 

• User-friendly mobile app for monitoring energy production and consumption 

• Ideal for homeowners seeking a well-established and widely adopted battery solution 

FranklinWH Battery System 

FranklinWH differentiates itself through whole-home backup capabilities and advanced energy management. The system is designed to optimize how and when energy is used, stored, and drawn from the grid. 

Key Benefits: 

• Excellent whole-home backup potential 

• Flexible integration with various solar inverter systems 

• Advanced load management during outages 

• Ability to support larger energy demands and high-consumption households 

• Smart energy controls that maximize self-consumption of solar power 

Enphase IQ Battery 

The Enphase IQ Battery is known for its modular design and strong reliability. Built around Enphase’s microinverter technology, it offers flexibility for homeowners who want to expand storage over time. 

Key Benefits: 

• Highly scalable system that can grow as energy needs increase 

• Excellent integration with Enphase solar systems 

• Reliable performance through distributed architecture 

• Easy monitoring through the Enphase App 

• Ideal for homeowners seeking a customizable and expandable energy storage solution 

Why homeowners are reducing utility dependence  

• Rising Electricity Costs  

• Grid reliability Concerns  

More and more, our team works with homeowners who are looking for ways to reduce their dependence on utility companies. What we hear from them is that between electricity costs continuing to rise and concerns about grid reliability grow, they are looking for a solution.  

Through Solar Battery Storage, increased energy independence provides both financial savings and peace of mind in an increasingly unpredictable energy landscape. 

How Solar Batteries Reduce Utility Dependence  

1. Store excess solar energy for later use  
2. Increase self-consumption of solar energy 
3. Provide power during outages  
4. Reduce peak Hour grid use  

Store Excess Solar Energy for Later Use – One of the biggest advantages of a solar battery is its ability to store excess electricity generated by your solar panels during the day. This allows homeowners to rely more on the energy they generate themselves rather than purchasing electricity from their utility provider. 

Increase Self-Consumption of Solar Energy – Solar batteries help homeowners maximize the value of their solar investment by increasing self-consumption, which is the amount of solar energy used directly within the home. Instead of exporting excess production to the grid and drawing electricity back when needed, homeowners can store and utilize their own solar energy. This reduces dependence on utility-supplied electricity and can be especially beneficial in areas where net metering isn’t offered or compensation for exported energy is low. 

Provide Power During Outages – A solar battery can provide backup power when the electrical grid goes down, helping homeowners maintain access to electricity during outages. Often our solar storage clients tell us stories of their neighbors coming over to charge appliances when the grid is down.  

Reduce Peak-Hour Grid Use – In Ohio, some utilities allow ratepayers to opt-into Time of Use programs. In these programs, utility companies charge higher rates during periods of peak electricity demand, typically in the late afternoon and evening. Solar batteries allow homeowners to store energy when production is high and use it during more expensive peak-rate periods instead of purchasing electricity from the grid. 

Key Benefits of Solar Batteries for Homeowners 

1. Lower monthly bills  
2. Increased energy independence  
3. Enhance energy security  
4. Improved solar ROI  

How effective are solar batteries at reducing utility dependence? 

Some homeowners may only offset a portion of their grid usage, while others can meet most of their daily energy needs with a properly designed solar-plus-storage system. The effectiveness of a solar battery depends on several key factors, including battery capacity, household energy consumption, solar production, location, and weather patterns. 

Factors to pay attention to:  

• Battery capacity 
• Home energy consumption 
• Solar panel system size 
• Geographic location 

Battery Capacity  

Capacity, typically measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh), represents the amount of energy a battery can store and deliver when needed. Larger-capacity batteries can store more excess solar energy during the day and power the home for longer periods after sunset or during outages. 

For example, a homeowner with a larger battery system may be able to run essential appliances, lighting, and electronics throughout the evening without drawing power from the grid. In contrast, a smaller battery may only provide enough storage to cover a few hours of energy use before utility power is needed. 

Home Energy Consumption 

The amount of electricity a household uses each day has a direct impact on how effective a solar battery will be. Homes with high energy demands often require larger battery systems to achieve meaningful reductions in utility usage. Factors such as the number of occupants, appliance usage, electric vehicles, and heating or cooling needs can all increase energy consumption. 

Homeowners who actively manage their energy use by upgrading to energy-efficient appliances, adjusting thermostat settings, and reducing unnecessary consumption can often achieve greater energy independence without needing oversized battery systems. 

Solar Panel System Size 

When the grid is down, a battery can only store the excess energy produced by a solar panel system. As a result, the size of the solar array plays a major role in determining how much energy is available for storage, and for how long. A larger solar system will generally generate more electricity during daylight hours, increasing the likelihood that enough excess power will be available to charge the battery fully. 

Geographic Location 

Where a home is located can greatly influence solar production and battery performance. Regions that receive less sunlight (think winter in Ohio) will impact how the batteries charge during the wintertime.  

Local utility rates, net metering policies, and outage frequency can also affect how valuable battery storage is.  

Going completely off grid 

• What off-grid living entails 

• Additional equipment requirements 

• Practical considerations for most homeowners 

In Ohio, most homeowners use batteries to reduce grid reliance rather than completely eliminate it. 

Going off-grid involves much more than simply installing solar panels and a battery. An off-grid solar system operates independently of the utility grid, meaning your home must generate, store, and manage all of the electricity it will need throughout the year, including during periods of low solar production. 

To make off-grid living possible, homeowners typically need additional equipment beyond solar panels and batteries. Most off-grid systems require a larger battery bank to store energy for overnight use and extended periods of cloudy weather, as well as a backup generator to provide power when solar production is insufficient. 

While off-grid systems can be a practical solution for remote properties without access to utility service, they are often less practical for homeowners in Ohio who already have access to the electrical grid.  

Key Takeaways 

Is a Solar Battery Worth It? 

When a Solar Battery Makes Sense 

• Frequent outages 

• High electricity rates 

• Time-of-use billing 

• Desire for energy independence 

When It May Not Be Necessary 

• Strong net metering programs 

• Low utility rates 

• Minimal outage concerns 

Interested in reducing your reliance on the grid? Speak with a solar storage specialist to determine the right battery solution for your home’s energy needs. 

If you’re considering solar panels, one of the first questions you’ll need to answer is: How much electricity does your home use in a year? 

Your home’s energy consumption, measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh), directly impacts your monthly utility bill, and also the size of the solar system needed to offset your electricity costs. While the average U.S. home uses around 10,000 to 11,000 kWh annually, every Ohio home is different.  

In this guide, we’ll explain what kWh means, how much electricity homes use, what factors affect energy consumption, and how to determine the ideal solar system size for your families specific needs. 

Why Knowing Your kWh Usage Matters for Solar 

The most successful solar projects start with a clear understanding of energy consumption. 

When you know your annual kWh usage, you can: 

• Accurately size your solar system 

• Maximize your solar investment 

• Estimate long-term savings 

• “Right-size” your system  

• Prepare for future energy needs like EV charging 

Rather than guessing based on home size alone, reviewing your actual utility usage provides the most accurate picture of your solar potential. 

If you’re new to your home, we can estimate the size of the system you need, but it will be a ballpark. Our guidance for new homeowners is to give it a year to collect the homes annual energy use. That way when you go solar you get the system that’s “Right-Sized” for the home and the way you live in it.  

What is a Kilowatt hour (kWh)?  

A kilowatt-hour (kWh) is a measurement of energy consumption. A device using 1,000 watts (1 kilowatt) of power for one hour consumes 1 kWh of electricity. 

Approximate Usage for Common Household Appliances  

• Refrigerator – 1-2 kWh/day 

• Central AC – 3-5 kWh/hour 

• Electric Dryer – 3-5 kWh/load 

• Dishwasher – 1-2 kWh/cycle 

• Electric Vehicle Charger – 7-11 kWh/hour 

kW vs. kWh 

Many homeowners confuse these terms. 

• kW (Kilowatt) = Power being used at a specific moment 

• kWh (Kilowatt-hour) = Total energy consumed over time 

Your electric bill measures kWh, not kW. 

National Average 

The average American household uses approximately: 

• 900 kWh per month 

• 30 kWh per day 

• 10,800 kWh per year 

However, averages are well, just averages! Every home is different.  

Average Monthly Usage by Home Size 

Small Homes (1,000-1,500 Sq Ft) 

• 600-900 kWh/month 

Medium Homes (1,500-2,500 Sq Ft) 

• 900-1,300 kWh/month 

Large Homes (2,500+ Sq Ft) 

• 1,300-2,000+ kWh/month 

Energy-efficient homes may use substantially less, while homes with electric heating, electric vehicles, pools, or hot tubs often use more. 

Seasons Effect Home Electricity Use in Ohio

Spring 

• 600-900 kWh/month 

Summer 

• 1,000-1,800 kWh/month 

• Increased air conditioning use 

Fall 

• 700-1,000 kWh/month 

Winter 

• 900-1,600+ kWh/month 

• Especially high for homes with electric heat 

  

Because Ohio experiences hot summers and cold winters, annual energy consumption is often more important than any individual month’s usage when sizing a solar system.  

This is another reason why every solar energy system is different. Your annual and monthly usage will vary widely based on whether you use electricity or gas to heat your home in the wintertime.  

Biggest Electricity Users in a Home  

Understanding where your energy goes can help reduce consumption before installing solar. 

Heating and Cooling 

HVAC systems account for the largest portion of residential energy use. 

• Central air conditioning 

• Heat pumps 

• Electric furnaces 

• Space heaters 

Water Heaters  

Water heaters operate every day and can represent a significant portion of your monthly electricity usage. 

Major Appliances 

High-energy appliances include: 

• Dryers 

• Ovens 

• Refrigerators 

• Freezers 

• Dishwashers 

Electric Vehicles 

A typical EV can add 250-500 kWh per month. This is one of the fastest-growing contributors to household electricity consumption. 

Factors That Affect Home Energy Consumption

Home Size – Larger homes generally require more energy for heating, cooling, and lighting. 

Number of Occupants  

Additional residents increase: 

• Laundry 

• Cooking 

• Electronics usage 

• Hot water demand 

Insulation Quality 

Proper insulation can dramatically reduce: 

• Summer cooling loads 

• Winter heating costs 

Appliance Efficiency – Older appliances consume significantly more electricity than ENERGY STAR-certified models. 

Lifestyle – Remote workers, gamers, EV owners, and households with home businesses often consume more electricity than the average homeowner. 

How to Calculate Your Home’s Annual kWh Usage  

Your electric bill provides the answer. Usually, electric bill shave an annual usage graph which allows you to add up your monthly totals.  

This annual total will help your solar consultant determine how many solar panels you need to offset your annual energy usage.  

Keep in mind: other factors such as home orientation, roof pitch and shade are other factors that come into play when your Solar Consultant determines the right size of solar array to meet your electricity needs.  

 Ways to Reduce Electricity Usage Before Going Solar 

Reducing consumption can lead to a smaller and less expensive solar system. 

• Upgrade to LED Lighting  

• Install a Smart Thermostat 

• Upgrade Older Appliances (look for energy star appliances!)  

• Improve Insulation   

• Use smart power strips and unplug rarely used electronics. 

Frequently Asked Questions 

How many kWh does a house use per day? 

Most U.S. homes use approximately 30 kWh per day, although actual usage varies significantly depending on home size, appliances, and lifestyle. 

How many kWh does a house use per year? 

Most homes consume between 10,000 and 12,000 kWh annually. 

What is considered high electricity usage? 

Generally, usage exceeding 1,500 kWh per month may indicate high consumption, especially if the home does not use electric heating or own an electric vehicle. 

How can I find my annual electricity use? 

Add the kWh totals from your last 12  months are usually on your last bill in the form of an annual usage graph.  

How many solar panels are needed for a 2,000-square-foot house? 

The answer depends on energy usage rather than square footage alone, but many Ohio homes of this size require a solar system between 8 and 12 kW. 

Project Overview

• System Size – 673.96 kW of solar installed across 6 CML branches.
• Date – Installation completed in 2023.
• Real Time Monitoring – Each facility includes a kiosk connected to the data acquisition system, allowing visitors to view real-time energy production and learn about solar power’s impact.
• Cost Savings – CML offsets a significant portion of its electricity usage, reducing utility expenses.
• Prevailing Wage – The project was executed in full compliance with Ohio’s Prevailing Wage Law, ensuring fair labor standards.

Kokosing Solar was awarded and successfully completed the installation of 673.96 kW of rooftop solar for the Columbus Public Library (CML). The project spanned six library locations across Central Ohio.

Kokosing Solar designed and installed ballasted rooftop solar arrays. Each system was custom-designed to maximize solar production while ensuring minimal roof penetrations, preserving warranties, and maintaining structural integrity.

Kokosing Solar coordinated closely with AEP Ohio for net metering integration and worked alongside multiple roofing contractors to ensure the installations met warranty and load-bearing requirements. The project featured:

• A fully behind-the-meter interconnection for seamless integration with existing electrical infrastructure.
• A hybrid ballast mounting system tailored to each roof’s structural capacity.
• A robust operation and maintenance plan ensuring optimal system performance for years to come.

 

Project Overview

Project Overview

• Size – 69.6 kW DC
• Energy production – The system is expected to generate 85,283 kWh annually, offsetting 15% of building use
• Date – 2025

As part of Athens County’s ongoing commitment to sustainability and long-term operational resilience, Kokosing Solar partnered with the Athens 911 Emergency Communications Center to design and install a roof-mounted solar energy system tailored to the unique needs of this critical facility.

Because the 911 Center features multiple roof surfaces and a complex new-building load profile, Kokosing Solar utilized two mounting strategies to ensure optimal performance:

• Ballasted Racking System – Used on flat roof sections, this non-penetrating system allows solar arrays to be securely anchored using weighted blocks.
• Rail Racking on Standing Seam Metal Roof- Mounted directly to the standing seams without penetrating the roofing surface.

Engineering and permitting for public safety facilities typically require several months due to stringent state and building-code standards.
Once permitting and procurement were complete, the installation window was coordinated with the 911 Center. Thanks to its thoughtful engineering and prefabrication work, the Kokosing Solar team completed installation within just a few days—minimizing onsite disruption to emergency operations.

• Scope of work – Mechanical, Civil Work
• Size – 418-acre solar field
• Subcontractor
• Date – Kokosing scope of work complete in 2026

As the civil sitework subcontractor, Kokosing’s scope of work includes site preparation to create a stable foundation for the solar installation. We constructed access roads and installed stormwater management systems, including erosion control measures, to mitigate runoff. Mobilizing in late February was challenging, as saturated soils initially made the site impassable. Our team implemented dewatering, undercutting, and cement stabilization to restore access and maintain schedule progression.

Kokosing also serves as the mechanical subcontractor, responsible for installing racking piles across the 418-acre project. This project marks our first use of the CIV robot for pile point layout. The robot leverages GPS-enabled automated marking to boost field efficiency.

Supply chain delays impacted the piling phase, requiring us to adjust sequencing and shift between power blocks, which we handled with minimal disruption. The Private Client Solar Project not only expands our technical capabilities but also reinforces our reputation for adaptability, problem-solving, and readiness to deliver on large-scale solar projects.

Denison University’s newest solar installation began producing energy in June 2026. This represents a major milestone in our longstanding partnership with the university. After our team completed a feasibility study, which laid out the technical and financial elements of the project, Denison University awarded Kokosing Solar the contract to build a 5.4 MW fixed-tilt ground-mounted array, which is now the largest solar project in the school’s portfolio, and the fifth project Kokosing Solar has delivered for them.  

The system required a demanding civil scope of work. The project began with clearing a heavily wooded hillside. This required grading, developing an access road, and implementing erosion control measures. Most of this work occurred during winter, adding complexity to the project as the crews navigated frozen ground and weather delays.    

To secure federal tax credit requirements, the array needed to be fully energized before a fixed deadline: June 30, 2026. Meeting this deadline required communication with the county, the local utility, and other permitting entities. Thanks to thorough planning and cross team coordination, Kokosing Solar was able to power up the site on June 29th.  

The project is financed through a 25‑year power purchase agreement and site lease, and the system will be maintained by Kokosing Solar under a long term O&M agreement.  

The array is made up of Ohio-made solar components. The racking is manufactured by OMCO, and the modules are produced by First Solar, both Ohio-based companies.    

Denison’s existing solar installations currently supply 10–12% of the university’s electricity. With this new array, that number has been raised to nearly 40%, significantly reducing the school’s use of natural gas and purchased grid power. Denison University’s motivation for installing this array was rising electricity costs and an interest in meeting environmental goals.  On the first day the system was producing, the university saw its utility consumption drop into negative territory for a period, meaning they were pushing power back to the grid instead of pulling power from it.  

This project demonstrates Kokosing Solar’s ability to execute complex, fast-tracked solar energy projects while delivering dependable, high value infrastructure for our clients.  

• SYSTEM SIZE- 2.5 MW DC
• DATE – Installation completed in 2026
• DESIGN WORK – Civil design in house, electrical design

The Blackman Solar Gardens is a 2.5 megawatt (MW) community solar facility that powers approximately 2,500 homes and businesses.

This project is Consumers Energy’s fourth community solar facility, expanding its Solar Gardens program. Spanning 30 acres and featuring nearly 5,000 solar panels, the Blackman Solar Gardens site offers Michiganders a new opportunity to participate in renewable energy without installing solar panels on their own homes or properties.

As the design-build contractor, Kokosing Solar managed all phases of construction, including sitework, single-axis tracker installation, panel and inverter installation, and system commissioning. Mayfield Renewables served as the Engineer of Record for the project.

Kokosing Solar’s local hiring strategy focuses on skilled union labor, employing up to 20 local tradespeople during peak construction.

Information about the ground breaking, and additional information can be found here. 

 

• SYSTEM SIZE- 2.3 MW DC
• DATE – Installation completed in 2025
• ENERGY TARGET – 48% energy offset

Festo Corporation, a global leader in industrial automation and training systems, selected Kokosing Solar to implement a large-scale solar energy installation. Completed in 2025, this project features a state-of-the-art rooftop solar array that will supply 48% of the facility’s electricity needs—equivalent to 2.6 million kilowatt hours (kWh) annually. This initiative reflects Festo’s corporate commitment to sustainability and aligns with its goal to generate 25% of its global electricity from solar power by 2030.

This project utilizes a hybrid mounting system that combines ballast blocks with mechanical attachments to meet roof loading requirements while ensuring structural integrity. Additional components of the project include:

• Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Stations: Expanding sustainability efforts by supporting cleaner transportation options for employees and visitors.
• Solar Canopy Shade Structures: Enhancing parking areas while further increasing solar energy generation capacity.

“Our clean energy investment at the Mason facility is a key step toward meeting Festo’s long-term sustainability objectives. Kokosing Solar’s expertise in large-scale solar installations made them the ideal partner to bring this vision to life.”

– Jose Luis Esparza, Head of Non-Production Material Procurement for Festo North America

 

• SYSTEM SIZE- 1.5 MW DC of solar installed
• DATE – Installation completed in 2025
• DESIGN WORK- In-house design
• PROJECT FINANCING – PPA with IGS Energy

Kokosing Solar constructed a 1.5 MW solar array at Solvita’s Kettering Research Park to support the company’s growing tissue graft manufacturing operations.

This project will generate nearly 2 million kWh annually, making Solvita the first major tissue bank in the world to partially power its operations with solar energy. The installation reflects Solvita’s commitment to sustainability, innovation, and long-term energy cost management.

Check out a full time lapse video of the project here. 

Ohio’s energy landscape is shifting rapidly. With PUCO‑approved rate increases and evolving statewide policies, organizations across the state are facing higher operating costs and new considerations for long‑term energy planning.

Many leaders are asking the same question: “How do we plan confidently when the cost of energy keeps rising?”

Join Geoff Greenfield and Roberta Washburn of Kokosing Solar for a practical, jargon‑free overview of:

• Ohio’s recent and upcoming rate changes
• What’s driving higher electricity costs
• How distributed energy and load management can save money and mitigate risk
• How to develop a more resilient energy strategy for 2026 and beyond

Key Federal Deadlines for the 30% ITC and FEOC Compliance (2025–2027) 

The next two years represent one of the most time‑sensitive periods in the history of U.S. solar incentives. With the Investment Tax Credit (ITC) at 30% and Foreign Entity of Concern (FEOC) rules taking effect, solar project developers face several critical deadlines that determine whether a project secures full federal incentives—or loses them entirely. 

This guide breaks down the major deadlines solar developers must understand between 2025 and 2027, based on IRS safe‑harbor provisions, updated Treasury guidance, and the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA). 

1. December 31, 2025 — Critical FEOC Safe Harbor Deadline (Now Passed)  

As of today, the IRS Safe Harbor window for avoiding FEOC (Foreign Entity of Concern) sourcing rules is officially closed. Projects needed to begin construction by December 31, 2025, to lock in pre‑2026 sourcing requirements and preserve ITC eligibility under the simpler 2025 rules. Industry guidance emphasized that Safe Harboring before FEOC implementation insulated projects from the stricter documentation and supply‑chain restrictions now in effect.  

Because this date has passed, any new project initiating construction in 2026 or later must comply with full FEOC standards, which require meeting specific non‑PFE (prohibited foreign entity) sourcing thresholds beginning this year. 

2. January 1, 2026 — FEOC Rules Take Full Effect 

Beginning in tax years after January 1, 2026, solar projects that start construction must comply with FEOC standards. These rules restrict the percentage of equipment or materials sourced from prohibited foreign entities (e.g., China, Russia, Iran, North Korea). 

FEOC thresholds begin in 2026 and increase over time, with at least 40% of manufactured components required to come from non‑PFE sources for solar projects. 

3. July 4, 2026 — Construction Safe Harbor Cutoff for Full 30% ITC

Projects smaller than 1.5 MW must “Safe Harbor” to remain eligible for the full 30% credit and related bonuses.  

Projects larger than 1.5 MW must begin construction to remain eligible for the full 30% credit and related bonuses.  

This date is considered the most important threshold for developers planning beyond 2027 because projects starting before this date qualify for the four‑year Continuity Safe Harbor, giving them until as late as 2030 to be placed in service. 

4. December 31, 2027 — Final Placed‑in‑Service Deadline for Non‑Safe‑Harbored Projects

For projects that did not meet the July 4, 2026 construction start deadline, December 31, 2027 is the final opportunity to be placed in service and still secure the ITC. 

Multiple industry advisories confirm that after December 31, 2027, new solar projects will no longer qualify for the Section 48E ITC, barring future legislation. 

This creates a hard drop‑off: 

• If construction didn’t begin (1.5 MW+) or Safe Harbor (less than 1.5 MW) by July 4, 2026: Project must be operational by the end of 2027. 
• If construction began by July 4, 2026: Project maintains the four‑year completion window (potentially into 2030). 

What Solar Project Developers Should Do Now

1. Evaluate whether you can begin construction before Dec 31, 2025.  This is the only way to 100% avoid FEOC compliance and lock in the 30% ITC under current rules.
2. If not, safe harbor(less than 1.5 MW) or begin construction (1.5 MW or larger) before July 4, 2026. This preserves the full credit and provides an extended completion timeline. 
3. When starting after Jan 1, 2026, audit your equipment supply chain. You will need to document compliance with FEOC sourcing requirements (40%+ non‑PFE components). 
4. Avoid the December 2027 cliff. If you’re planning to build in 2027, be ready to hit the placed‑in‑service deadline. 

 

The next 24 months represent the tightest regulatory window solar developers have ever faced. Missing any of these statutory dates can result in losing the 30% ITC—or losing ITC eligibility altogether. 

 

Quick answer: In Ohio and across the Midwest, solar panels do not require frequent cleaning. Clean solar panels when you see visible buildup (dust, pollen, bird droppings, or soot). Use soft water, a hose with gentle flow, non‑abrasive brush/mop, and mild, pH‑neutral soap—avoid pressure washers and harsh chemicals. Clean in the early morning or evening, prioritize safety, and consider hiring a pro for steep roofs or stubborn grime. In much of Ohio, cleaning isn’t a requirement, but it varies by site conditions.

What we cover in this article:

• Why clean solar panels?
• When to clean
• How to clean
• Safety first: Tips for ensuring safe cleaning
• Answers to all your questions about solar panel cleaning.

Why Clean Solar Panels?

The short answer is: dirty panels can reduce your system’s efficiency and, consequently, your energy savings.

According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, dust, dirt, pollen, bird droppings, and other debris can reduce energy output by 15%. However, these statistics come from research done in North Carolina during peak pollen season. In Ohio we find that production losses are far less significant

What’s important to know is that energy production can be affected by dirt, debris and pollen and keeping an eye on efficiency will help you save money in the long run.

Quick rule: If your monitoring app shows a persistent drop in production vs. Historical, and conditions haven’t changed, check for soiling.

 

When to Clean

Types of Contaminants:

• Pollen (spring–early summer): can be heavy in the Midwest, especially if you’re surrounded by trees; can create a sticky film that rinses poorly when baked on
• Dust: can be common near roads, farms, and development
• Bird droppings: Highly localized but can have a high impact
• Leaves & organic litter: Areas covered by trees can collect debris and trapped moisture can encourage mildew

Factors Impacting Cleaning Frequency

• Site setting: Urban (soot, construction dust), suburban (pollen, landscaping), rural (ag dust, pollen)
• Roof tilt & layout: Low-tilt or horizontal panels collect more buildup and drain less effectively
• Nearby trees: Shade + sap + birds
• Weather & seasons: Spring pollen, summer dry spells (dust), lake-effect or winter storms (snow)

Signs Your Panels Need Cleaning

• Visible film, spots, or streaks that don’t rinse off with a light rain
• Monitoring data: Sustained underperformance vs. historical averages for the same month
• Inverter/app alerts or flagged strings showing lower output than neighboring systems
• Local shading patterns shifting due to debris accumulation near frames

 

Environmental & Regional Considerations (Ohio, Urban vs. Rural)

In the Ohio climate, not all solar energy systems will need regular cleaning. Often the rain alone will be enough. However, your environment or region may impact this

The Ohio climate sees freeze–thaw cycles, spring pollen, and winter snow. If your panels are impacted by these factors, plan to clean your solar panels post‑pollen (late spring/early summer) and post‑leaf fall (late fall).

• Urban areas: Some Ohio urban areas (Cincinnati and Cleveland Ohio) have higher soot/particulate load 
• Rural/agricultural: Dust during planting and harvest; pollen from fields and tree lines
• Lake-effect snow (NE Ohio): Snow adhesion can be stronger

Ohio baseline: Cleaning solar panels once or twice per year is typical for many homeowners.

 

How to Clean

Risks of Improper Cleaning

• Scratches from abrasive pads/brushes or gritty cloths
• Micro-cracks & water intrusion from pressure washers or forcing water under frames
• Electrical risk: Wet connectors, open junction boxes, or cleaning during faults
• Warranty issues: Using harsh chemicals or abrasive methods can void solar panel warranties

Tools & Materials (Homeowner Kit)

• Soft-bristle brush or non-abrasive squeegee/mop with extension pole
• Garden hose with gentle spray (no pressure washer!)
• Bucket with mild, pH‑neutral soap (a few drops in several gallons) or a solar-safe cleaner
• Deionized (DI) water or soft water for final rinse to minimize spotting (optional but ideal)
• Microfiber cloths for edge/detail work
• Personal protective equipment (see “Safety First”)
• Avoid: Steel wool, scouring pads, abrasive powders, glass polish like windex, solvents (acetone, paint thinner), ammonia/bleach, vinegar on coatings, and high‑pressure hose nozzles

Step-by-Step Process

• Shut down per manufacturer instructions and follow any site lockout/tagout steps
• Choose timing: Early morning or late afternoon when panels are cool and debris is softer
• Dry dust-off (optional): Lightly brush off loose grit to prevent scratching during wet cleaning
• Rinse gently: Use a soft, widespread stream to wet the surface and loosen grime
• Soapy wipe: Apply diluted, pH‑neutral soap with a soft brush/mop. Use light pressure; work top‑down
• Target spots: For bird droppings/sap, let soapy water sit 2–3 minutes. Re-wet rather than scrub hard
• Rinse thoroughly: Ensure no soap residue remains—de-ionized and soft water best for the final rinse
• Squeegee (optional): Pull water off in smooth passes to reduce spotting. Air drying is OK too
• Dry edges/hardware: Use microfiber to wipe frames/edges where water pools
• Restart & verify: Bring the system online and monitor production vs. prior baseline on the next sunny day

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Cleaning at midday (hot glass = streaks, thermal shock, baked-on spots)
• Using pressure washers or abrasive tools
• Letting hard water dry on panels (mineral spots are stubborn)
• Over-soaping (residue attracts dust)
• Spraying water upward into the frame
• Skipping safety controls (turning system off/ ladder/roof fall risks)

Pros and Cons: Hiring a Professional

Pros

• Trained for roof/fall safety and electrical awareness
• Purified water systems (spot-free), telescopic poles, and solar-safe tools
• Faster, consistent results; production reports in some service packages

Cons

• Cost per visit
• Scheduling/availability around peak seasons
• Variable quality—verify insurance, references, and methods
• When to hire: Steep or high roofs, fragile tiles/metal roofs, heavy soiling you can’t remove gently, or if you’re uncomfortable working at height

 

Long-Term Care Tips

• Trim trees to reduce shade, sap, and droppings
• Water plan: If you have hard water, keep a few gallons of DI water or use a spot-free rinse attachment
• Monitoring habit: Check inverter/app; note seasonal baselines to catch soiling sooner

 

Safety First: Tips for Ensuring Safe Cleaning

• Electrical safety: Turn the system off, first. Never open sealed enclosures; avoid disturbing wiring and connectors. If you suspect damage, stop and call a pro.
• Weather & surface: Work on dry, non-windy days; avoid wet roofs and icy conditions.
• Time of day: Clean when panels are cool (early/late) to avoid burns and thermal stress.
• Ladders/Fall protection: Use a Class 1 ladder on level ground; secure at top; maintain 3 points of contact. For steep roofs, use a harness/anchor or hire a pro.
• Footwear & PPE: Non-slip shoes; safety glasses; cut-resistant, grippy gloves.
• Buddy system: Have someone spot you, especially on ladders/roofs.
• Chemical caution: Only mild, pH‑neutral soaps.

 

Answers to All Your Questions About Solar Panel Cleaning (FAQ)

Will cleaning void my solar panel warranty?

No—if done correctly. Avoid abrasives, harsh chemicals, and pressure washers. Follow your panel manufacturer’s care guidelines and your installer’s O&M (operations & maintenance) notes. Keep receipts and logs.

Can rain suffice to clean solar panels?

Yes! Rain can remove loose dust, but it often doesn’t get to the sticky pollen, droppings, or mineral films. Think of rain like a rinse.

How much does professional cleaning cost?

Costs vary by roof height, pitch, access, and system size. A typical Ohio single‑family home (20–30 panels) may see $150–$400 per visit; larger or complex roofs can be $400–$800+. Annual plans or bundle discounts can reduce per‑visit costs. (Ask for proof of insurance and a method statement before booking.)

Can I use a pressure washer?

No. High pressure risks forcing water under frames, damaging seals/coatings, and causing micro-cracks. Use low-pressure hose flow and soft tools.

What is the best thing to clean panels with?

Cool water + soft brush/squeegee + mild, pH‑neutral soap. For a spot-free finish, rinse with deionized water. In many cases, water alone with a soft brush is sufficient.

What cleaning products can I use?

Choose pH‑neutral, residue‑free soaps (few drops in a bucket). Avoid ammonia, bleach, vinegar, solvents, abrasive creams, and anything labeled “glass polish.” When in doubt, water and a gentle brush are safest.

Should I clear snow off my panels?

Our answer – no! Let snow melt and slide—especially on pitched roofs. Panels typically shed snow as the panels were positioned for the sun to warm the surface. It isn’t worth the risk of scratching the panel surface for a few extra days of winter sunlight. Wait for the snow to melt.

What are the big no‑nos when cleaning?

• Leaving the solar array on while cleaning
• Pressure washers or hard nozzles close to the glass.
• Abrasive pads, powders, or scouring tools.
• Harsh chemicals (ammonia, bleach, solvents) or acidic cleaners on coated glass.
• Cleaning in full sun with hot panels.
• Spraying upward into backsheets.
• Ignoring safety gear and fall protection.

 

What about cleaning solar panels on ground mounts?

Ground mounts are easier and safer to clean. Frequency is similar; dust can be worse if near driveways or fields.

Will cleaning noticeably boost production?

It depends on how dirty they are. Homeowners often see measurable gains after cleaning heavy pollen films or droppings. Use your monitoring app to give you a clear before/after on a clear day.

Can I stand on my panels?

No. Walking on panels risks cracks, cell damage, and voided warranties.

What if I have hard water?

Use a final rinse with deionized water or squeegee thoroughly before water dries.

 

Keeping Your Solar Panels Clean in 2026

Keeping your solar panels clean isn’t about aesthetics—it’s one of the simplest ways to protect your investment and maximize long‑term performance. With the right tools, safe techniques, and an understanding of how your solar energy system fairs throughout the seasons, you can keep your system running at peak efficiency year‑round. Whether you choose to handle the maintenance yourself or call a professional, staying proactive will ensure your panels continue delivering your home with reliable solar energy.

Ohio homeowners are feeling the pinch as electricity prices surge across the state. Residents are wondering why Ohio electric bills are spiking.  

Currently winter heating demands, which will become it’s summer air-conditioning loads in just a few months, more residents than ever are opening their utility bills with a sense of dread, and for good reason. A series of shifts in the regional power market have pushed residential electric rates upward, leaving many wondering how to get ahead of the rising costs.  Residential Solar Installation is an option for long-term price stability. But before we look at how solar helps, let’s break down why electric bills are climbing so dramatically. 

A Huge Spike in “Delivery Charges”  

One of the biggest drivers of Ohio’s rising electricity bills is the unprecedented increase in capacity costs (think electric poles, wires and transformers). These show up in your bill as “Delivery Charges”.   

In the PJM Interconnection auction (the regional operator that manages the grid for Ohio and 12 other states), capacity prices jumped a staggering 800% starting in June 2025.  Ohio Utilities pass these costs through to customers. 

Monthly Bill Increases that You’re Feeling 

For many Ohio families, these spikes in “delivery charges” are being felt in monthly bill increases.  

According to Consumer Energy Solutions’ analysis of 2025 Ohio energy rate changes, residential customers across several major Ohio utilities saw their monthly bills rise by as much as 44% during the summer of 2025 due to increased capacity costs and natural gas price volatility. 

AEP Ohio confirmed that households using roughly 1,000 kWh per month would see an average increase of $27 starting June 2025, purely driven by wholesale generation costs. This refers to the “supplier charges” on your energy bill.  

Growing Demand and Strained Grid Infrastructure 

Ohio’s electricity grid is under increasing pressure as data centers eye Ohio for expansion, and increased electrification (EVs, heat pumps, etc.) expands our statewide energy demand.  

This demand mandates that the Ohio energy grid keep pace. And to do so, significant upgrades to existing infrastructure need to be made.  Which ultimately, costs end users. 

 

What’s Being Done about Ohio Electric Bill Increases  

In 2026, Governor Mike DeWine joined other governors whose states are serviced by PJM ( the regional electricity transmission organization in Ohio and 12 other states) to petition PJM to address supply and demand issues. 

In the statement, the Governors included the following request:  

• If new data centers do not provide their own energy, PJM is asked to allocate the cost of any new procured energy to the data centers. This will protect costs from being passed on to other customers. 

You can read more from Ohio.gov here. 

 

Why Onsite Solar Is a Good, Long-Term Solution 

Solar offers predictable, stable energy production for 25+ years. Once panels are installed, homeowners can reduce their reliance on grid power that fluctuates with the market prices that are currently in flux.  

Think of it like buying your power in bulk. There is an initial investment, but after that investment your rates are locked in for the lifetime of the solar energy system purchased.  

Unfortunately, the recent rate hikes aren’t flukes. Ohio Electric Bill spikes are part of an upward trend driven by increased investment in the electric grid infrastructure. That means Ohio homeowners and ratepayers at large, will continue to face uncertainty in their electricity “supply” and “delivery” charges.  

Solar Delivers Immediate Monthly Savings 

Because average monthly bills have already increased, onsite solar provides a direct hedge against these rising costs.  

Even solar installations with partial offsets  (such as covering 50 -70% of your household load with solar) can significantly reduce bill shock during high-rate months. 

Solar Creates Long-Term Financial Stability 

Utility rates are projected to fluctuate (often upward), in the coming years. (Think AI, Data Centers, Etc. That will require lots of new energy supplied).  

As utilities revise rates during these variable market conditions, onsite solar ensures you remain in control. 

Ohio’s Rate Hikes Make Now the Smartest Time to Go Solar 

Here’s what we know: 

• Capacity prices have skyrocketed by 800%, directly impacting retail electricity costs (Delivery Charges).  
• Ohio households can expect rate increases depending on their utility. (Supplier Charges for Generation)  
• Rising supply prices and increasing demand from data centers and electrification are putting additional strain on the grid. 

If you’re an Ohio homeowner, the takeaway is: electricity prices aren’t predictable… but your solar costs can be. 

 

Ohio Protects Net Metering: What This Win Means for Solar Customers and the State’s Energy Future 

Net metering has long been one of Ohio’s most effective tools for helping homeowners and businesses invest in solar.  

By allowing customers to receive credit for the excess electricity their systems send back to the grid, net metering shortens payback periods, lowers long‑term energy costs, and encourages adoption of solar technologies. 

This essential policy recently came under threat. Proposed changes would have significantly reduced compensation for solar customers, reshaping the economics of residential and commercial solar across the state and discouraging new installations—at a time when Ohio’s energy demand is rapidly increasing.  

This month, Ohio delivered a clear ruling: net metering stays fully intact. 

The Public Utilities Commission of Ohio (PUCO) completed its five‑year review of statewide net‑energy‑metering (NEM) rules and issued a final determination that no changes are needed, preserving current compensation structures for both existing and future solar customers. 

This ruling is a major win for Ohioans—and a meaningful step forward for the state’s energy policy. 

  

Why Protecting Net Metering Matters 

Ohio’s decision to maintain net metering reinforces several key principles that will shape the state’s energy landscape in the years ahead. 

1. Distributed energy strengthens the grid

As Ohio faces rising electricity demand from data centers, industrial growth, electrification, and population increases, distributed energy resources (DERs) like solar play a critical role in reducing stress on the grid and providing local generation.  

Keeping net metering in place supports continued growth of these resources when Ohio needs them most. 

2. Solar customers deserve policy stability

Thousands of Ohio families and businesses have already invested in solar based on current net‑metering rules. Proposed cuts could have weakened their expected returns and increased payback times, undermining confidence in the market.  

PUCO’s decision ensures that residents who made responsible, long‑term investments are treated fairly. 

3. Fair credit for excess power matters

Solar customers provide real value to the grid by delivering real electricity during high‑demand periods. Keeping full retail‑rate net metering ensures that customers receive appropriate credit for the energy they contribute.  

4. Public participation makes a difference

Hundreds of Ohioans submitted comments urging PUCO to preserve current net‑metering rules, and those voices were acknowledged in the Commission’s record. Civic engagement played an essential role in protecting consumer rights and advancing a cleaner energy future. 

 A Stronger Path Forward for Ohio Solar 

With this ruling, Ohio reaffirms its commitment to an energy landscape that is: 

• Resilient, by supporting distributed generation 

• Affordable, by helping families and businesses manage long‑term electricity costs 

• Stable, by maintaining predictable policy for current and future solar customers 

• Forward‑looking, by recognizing the need for more local clean energy resources, not fewer 

  

Preserving net metering also supports Ohio’s growing solar workforce and solar‑energy economy, encouraging continued investment in residential, commercial, and community solar projects. 

  

What This Means for Homeowners and Businesses 

If you already have solar, PUCO’s ruling protects the value of your investment. 

If you’re considering solar, now is an excellent time to explore it—knowing that fair compensation for your excess energy is secure. 

  

A Win for Everyone 

By preserving net metering, Ohio has chosen reliability, fairness, and a stronger energy future.  

At a moment when electricity demand is climbing and grid resilience is more critical than ever, maintaining this essential incentive ensures that all Ohioans can participate in building a reliable, affordable energy system. 

Understanding Solar Payback: Why Going Solar is Still a Smart Investment in 2026 and Beyond 

When homeowners start exploring solar energy, one of the first questions we hear is: 

 “What’s the payback period?” 

It’s a great question—but it’s only part of the story. At Kokosing Solar, we believe in taking a holistic approach to evaluating the value of solar. Beyond payback, solar offers benefits like increased home resale value, energy independence, and long-term reliability. Still, we understand why payback is top of mind, so let’s break it down. 

What is Solar Payback? 

Your solar payback period is the amount of time it takes for your savings on electric bills to equal the cost of your solar energy system. In other words, when you “break even” on your investment. After that point, the electricity your system produces is essentially free—while utility rates keep climbing. 

Why Solar is Still a Strong Investment in 2026 

You may have heard that the federal tax credit for solar has expired. While that’s true, the economics of solar remains incredibly strong—and in many cases, better than ever. Here’s why: 

• Solar costs have dropped 75% over the last decade. 

• Electricity rates are rising faster than ever, driven by aging infrastructure, storm damage, and volatile fuel prices. 

• When you go solar, you lock in a fixed electricity rate for decades. Instead of paying your utility more every year, you pre-buy clean energy at a predictable cost. 

The longer you use solar, the cheaper each kilowatt-hour becomes. That’s a level of financial stability utilities simply can’t offer. 

 

The Economics of Solar Today 

For homeowners, this means solar is not just an environmentally responsible choice—it’s a smart financial decision. Let’s look at a real-world example. 

Real-World Examples from Kokosing Solar Customers 

(These examples are based on conservative projections for utility rate increases and panel performance.) 

Example: High-Usage Family in Ohio 

• Current electric bill: $450/month at $0.24/kWh. 

• Projected 25-year cost without solar: $257,500. 

• Solar system cost: $42,000. 

• Offset: 65% of home’s electric load. 

• Payback period: 10 years. 

• Total savings over 25 years: $116,000. 

Even with partial offset, this family locks in a much lower effective rate—about $0.10/kWh—less than half of today’s utility rate. 

Why Payback is Only Part of the Story 

Solar delivers more than just financial returns: 

• Higher home resale value. 

• Energy independence and reliability. 

When you invest in solar, you’re investing in stability, sustainability, and long-term savings. 

Take Control of Your Energy Future 

Electricity rates aren’t slowing down—but you can. Lock in your solar rate today and enjoy decades of predictable, clean energy. 

Ready to see your numbers? 

 Contact Kokosing Solar for a free custom proposal. 

 

 

Solar Leases in Ohio: What Homeowners Need to Know Before Signing

Ohio is quickly emerging as one of the hottest markets for residential solar. Rising electricity prices and still-available incentives (through a lease model) are driving interest, and many homeowners are hearing about solar leases as a way to go solar with little or no upfront cost.  

But before you sign on the dotted line, it’s important to understand what solar leases are, their benefits, their drawbacks, and the risks of working with national companies that may not have long-term roots in the state. 

What Is a Solar Lease? 

A solar lease is a financing arrangement where a third-party company installs and owns the solar panels on your roof.  

Instead of paying for the system outright, you agree to pay a fixed monthly fee (or a rate based on energy production, called a Power Purchase Agreement or PPA) for 20–25 years. 

 The leasing company claims the federal tax credit and other incentives, and in theory, passes those savings to you through lower monthly payments. 

Why Are Solar Leases Gaining Popularity in Ohio? 

• Federal Incentives for Leasing Companies: While the homeowner tax credit (25D) ends in 2025, third-party-owned projects still qualify for the 48E ITC until at least 2027. Because they can take advantage of the tax credits, leasing companies are rushing to capitalize on this. 

• Low Upfront Cost: Because leasing companies can capitalize on tax credits still available for “commercial” entities, in theory they can pass these savings down to you. 

The Pros of Solar Leases 

• No Upfront Cost: You can start saving on electricity without paying upfront. 

• Maintenance Included: Most leases include operations and maintenance (O&M), so if something breaks, the leasing company handles repairs. 

• Production Guarantees: Many companies promise a certain level of energy production and offer bill credits if the system underperforms. 

The Cons of Solar Leases 

• You Don’t Own the System: This means you don’t get any increase in home value from owning solar. 

• Long-Term Contracts: Most leases lock you in for 20–25 years, which can complicate selling your home. 

• Limited Flexibility: You can’t easily upgrade or modify the system since you don’t own it. 

 

What to Watch Out For in Ohio 

• National Companies Chasing Incentives: Many large solar companies are entering Ohio to take advantage of the remaining tax credits. History shows that when incentives dry up, these companies often leave, leaving homeowners with service headaches. 

• Quality Control Issues: Leasing companies own the system, so they set strict installation standards. Make sure your installer is certified and reputable. 

• Exit Clauses: Understand what happens if you move or want to buy out the lease early. These terms vary widely and can be costly. 

 

Questions to Ask Before Signing a Solar Lease 

1. What is the annual payment escalation rate? 
2. Who handles maintenance and monitoring? 
3. What happens if I sell my home? 
4. Is there a buyout option, and what does it cost? And, when does it become available to me? 
5. How long has the company been in business, and do they have a local presence? 

 

Bottom Line 

Solar leases can make sense for some Ohio homeowners, especially those who want solar without upfront costs. But they’re not a one-size-fits-all solution. Before signing, weigh the pros and cons carefully, and make sure you’re working with a company that will be around for the long haul—not just until the incentives run out. 

 

The Ottawa County Board of Commissioners and the Ottawa County Sanitary Engineering Department are pleased to announce the completion of the Danbury Wastewater Reclamation Plant Solar Project. 

 

After a public Request for Proposals (RFP) process, Ohio based Kokosing Solar was selected as the Design-Build and EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) Partner for the Danbury Wastewater Reclamation Plant Solar Project. 

 

This project highlighted Ohio’s status as a leader in the solar industry with the incorporation of solar panels manufactured by First Solar in Rossford, OH and the full racking system manufactured in Ohio by OMCO using 100% American galvanized steel.  

In the United States, water and wastewater facilities account for 3% of all electricity usage in the country. The solar array was designed to produce 906 MWH of electricity per year, which accounts for 92% – 95% of the energy demand for the plant.

Over the solar system’s lifespan, it is projected to save the sanitary sewer customers of Danbury Township over $1.9 million in electrical costs the next 20 years and has helped Ottawa County diversify its sources of electricity. 

Total project costs were under $1.45 million and was paid for through Danbury sewer operating reserves.  The County will be applying for federal tax credits via the federal Inflation Reduction Act Direct-Pay Program, which will reduce the total project cost by about 50%.  According to data provided by Kokosing Solar the project will have a return on investment between 8 and 9 years, after which the electricity produced by the array will create a net savings to the Danbury plant operations. 

The project involved a ground mounted array covering approximately 2.6 acres at the water reclamation facility located on Von Glahn Rd.  In May of 2025 the project broke ground and started energy production on October 3, 2025.  Kokosing Solar self-performed the full scope of construction.   

The Water Pollution Control Loan Fund (WPCLF) provides financial assistance to public entities for projects that protect and improve Ohio’s rivers, streams, and lakes. Traditionally, this program funds water treatment plant upgrades, wastewater treatment plant upgrades, sewer rehabilitation, combined sewer overflow control, and stormwater improvements. 

Importantly, WPCLF also funds Green Infrastructure Components—projects that reduce energy use, cut pollution, and improve environmental outcomes. This includes the installation of solar energy systems. Learn more about the WPCLF here.